Regarding the frequency and amount of breastfeeding, each baby has their own needs, and the number and amount of breastfeeding mothers need to adjust to the baby's needs each day. Feeding the baby can be on demand or on time, the mother can decide according to her actual situation.
Textbooks say babies should be fed 8 to 12 times a day and should gain 150 grams (5.3 ounces) per week. But babies haven't read these books - they "go their own way"! Some babies grow slowly, while others grow very fast.
Our research on exclusively breastfed babies aged 1 to 6 months shows that they typically need to feed 4 to 13 times a day, lasting anywhere from 12 minutes to nearly an hour.
Studies have shown that they can drink as little as 54 ml (1.9 fluid ounces) or as much as 234 ml (8.2 fluid ounces) of milk per feeding.
Sometimes a mother thinks her baby is eating well, but is surprised to find that her baby is drinking very little milk. Other times the baby may slide up and down the breast and drink 100 ml (3.5 fl oz) of milk despite only a few minutes of feeding. So being picky doesn't necessarily mean your baby is drinking less milk overall.
All babies are different, but they all absorb what they need. Some babies eat just fine with 500 ml (17.6 oz) of milk per day, and some babies can drink up to 1,356 ml (47.7 oz) of milk per day!
Did you know that, on average, boys drink 76 ml (2.6 fl oz) more per day than girls? As long as your milk supply is sufficient, your baby can set his own schedule.
Should mothers breastfeed with one or both breasts?
It is recommended that mothers breastfeed on one breast first and then on the other breast. If the baby accepts, that's fine, because the baby clearly wants to eat more. But don't worry if your baby refuses. Let your baby decide—because your baby knows how full he is best. Our research shows that 30% of babies feed from only one breast and 13% always feed from both breasts, but most babies (57%) are a combination of the two.
How do mothers know if their baby is getting enough milk?
It can be observed from the following aspects:
1. Is your baby growing and gaining weight?
2. Is the baby alert?
3. Does your baby have a good complexion?
4. Does the baby have enough wet and dirty diapers?
If all of this happens, rest assured that you're giving your baby enough milk, no matter how long or short your baby's feedings are.
What's the biggest misconception mothers-to-be have about breastfeeding?
Mothers tend to think that as their babies get older, they will need more breastfeeds and more milk every 24 hours. They are often surprised when I tell them that their milk production does not change between 4 and 26 weeks if everything is normal.
During the first few months, the baby's growth rate is very fast and the metabolic rate is high. Most of the milk your baby consumes is used for growth and maintenance of metabolism.
Then, from 3 months to 6 months, your baby's metabolic rate drops and so does the rate of growth, so the same amount of milk can meet their needs. This means that there is no need to increase your milk intake as your baby grows older. In fact, the time and frequency of feedings will be reduced, but your baby will still get the same amount of milk because they are feeding more efficiently.
When should mothers be concerned about breastfeeding irregularities?
Moms should achieve adequate milk production within two weeks. You should be alert if your baby does not start gaining weight again 5 to 6 days after birth. Parents should seek medical advice, and a professional health advisor needs to ensure that milk is being produced and that its composition has changed from colostrum to mature milk.
Breastfeeding advice:
Have skin-to-skin contact with your baby as soon as possible after delivery. If possible, breastfeed within 1 hour, or at least encourage your baby to latch on. Monitor and correct your nursing position and your baby's latch as soon as possible to make sure the nipples are not damaged.
Feed often. New mothers can't always understand their baby's cues and cries. Be sure to feed on demand, not regular, timed, or split feedings. Breastfeed as soon as there are any signs of hunger—usually your baby works better when they are calm. It may be harder to latch on if your baby is crying. If unsure, breastfeed. Your baby will soon tell you if you want to do this.
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